Guia para genômica de populações aplicada a mamíferos Neotropicais
Do delineamento experimental às análises básicas com polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNPs)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32673/bjm.vie92.120Palavras-chave:
ddRAD-Seq, ipyrad, Proechimys, Scripts em R, StacksResumo
Os polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único (SNPs) são marcadores genéticos que podem ser usados em estudos de genômica populacional de mamíferos Neotropicais. Este ensaio é um guia com sugestões e dicas para as principais etapas de um trabalho envolvendo SNPs e genômica populacional a partir de uma técnica de sequenciamento de representação reduzida ou RRS. Neste ensaio é abordado como pensar um delineamento experimental eficiente, desde a escolha das amostras, como preparar as bibliotecas genômicas até dicas para verificar a qualidade do sequenciamento e dos dados. Durante o texto são discutidos os pontos-chaves dos trabalhos com genômica de populações, com indicações de estudos e referências para fundamentar os projetos de pesquisa e o aprendizado. Vale ressaltar que o guia contém sugestões e não regras para realização desse tipo de pesquisa. No fim, é fornecido um banco de dados da espécie de roedor Proechimys steerei da família Echimyidae e uma pipeline para realizar na prática as etapas de filtragem de SNPs e algumas análises estatísticas básicas, usando pacotes de R. Espera-se que esse guia facilite a compreensão de alunos e pesquisadores que estão iniciando no campo da genômica. Mesmo sendo um guia usando exemplos de mamíferos Neotropicais e de RRS, boa parte do que é discutido neste guia poderá ser aplicado a qualquer banco de dados de SNPs gerado a partir de qualquer técnica de sequenciamento genômico e de qualquer grupo de organismo.
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